Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is a common dental condition that affects the tissues surrounding the teeth. It can range from mild inflammation to severe damage that may lead to tooth loss. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for gum disease to help you better understand and prevent this oral health issue.
Gum disease is an infection of the tissues that surround and support your teeth. It's caused by bacteria in plaque, a sticky film that forms on your teeth. When plaque is not effectively removed through regular oral hygiene practices like brushing and flossing, it can harden into tartar, leading to inflammation and infection.
Gingivitis is the earliest stage of gum disease. It is characterized by red, swollen gums that may bleed easily during brushing or flossing. Fortunately, gingivitis is reversible with proper oral care.
If gingivitis is left untreated, it can progress to periodontitis. In this stage, the inner layer of the gum and bone pull away from the teeth, forming pockets that can become infected. As the disease advances, these pockets deepen, and the supporting bone may be destroyed.
In the final stage, advanced periodontitis, the connective tissues that hold teeth in place are severely damaged. This can lead to tooth mobility and, in some cases, tooth loss.
